Top 10 Best Affordable Vacuum for Hardwood Floors Revealed!

Keeping hardwood floors clean can be a challenge, especially when dust and debris settle into tiny crevices. Finding a vacuum that is gentle enough to protect your floors yet powerful enough to pick up dirt is often a tough balance. The best affordable vacuum for hardwood floors offers an effective solution without stretching your budget.

Designed for people who want reliable cleaning without damaging their wood surfaces, these vacuums combine strong suction with soft brushes or attachments to protect your floors. In this review, you will learn about key features like suction power, ease of use, and maintenance.

We will also cover the pros and cons so you can decide if a particular model fits your needs. This guide is here to help you make an informed choice for keeping your hardwood floors looking their best.

Top Picks That Combine Performance and Value for Spotless Hardwood Floors

Image	Product	Price
Top Pick 1	Bissell 2033M Featherweight Stick Lightweight Bagless Vacuum and Electric Broom with Crevice	Check Price
Top Pick 2	Shark Rocket Pet Plus Corded Stick Vacuum, XL Cup, Bordeaux/Silver, HV322	Check Price
Top Pick 3	Bissell 2033 Featherweight Stick Lightweight Bagless Vacuum and Electric Broom with Crevice	Check Price

1. Bissell 2033M Featherweight Stick Lightweight Bagless Vacuum and Electric Broom with Crevice

Discover a vacuum designed to deliver convenience and efficiency for everyday cleaning. The Bissell 2033M Featherweight Stick offers a versatile solution that adapts to various cleaning needs around your home. Its lightweight design and powerful suction make tidying up hardwood floors quick and effortless.

Its lightweight design and powerful suction make tidying up hardwood floors quick and effortless.

Switch easily between a stick vacuum, a handheld device, or a stair vacuum to tackle different surfaces without hassle. This vacuum provides reliable performance while remaining easy to carry and maneuver in tight spaces.

The Bissell Featherweight 2033M combines a three-in-one design with practical features ideal for sealed hardwood floors and area rugs. Its lightweight build, weighing less than 4 pounds, ensures comfortable use in small apartments or dorm rooms.

Equipped with specialized attachments such as a professional-grade crevice tool and floor nozzle for stairs, it allows precise cleaning in hard-to-reach areas. The 15-foot power cord supplies continuous suction without interruptions for recharging. Its powerful motor efficiently picks up surface debris on low-pile carpets, rugs, and hardwood floors, maintaining cleanliness with ease.

Its powerful motor efficiently picks up surface debris on low-pile carpets, rugs, and hardwood floors, maintaining cleanliness with ease.

The dirt cup features a 67-liter capacity and a transparent design so users can monitor when it’s time to empty. The bagless system simplifies disposal, keeping hands clean and reducing mess.

This vacuum is best suited for indoor use on various surfaces where lightweight portability is key.

Pros

• Lightweight and easy to maneuver for quick cleaning tasks
• Three-in-one versatility adapts to different vacuuming needs
• Bagless system with easy-to-empty dirt cup and clear capacity window

Cons

• Single speed may limit control for heavy debris or thick carpets

The Bissell 2033M Featherweight Stick stands out as an affordable and adaptable vacuum that delivers dependable cleaning on hardwood floors and beyond. Its practical design balances lightweight ease and strong suction, making it a smart choice for anyone seeking reliable performance in a compact package.

2. Shark Rocket Pet Plus Corded Stick Vacuum, XL Cup, Bordeaux/Silver, HV322

Experience effortless cleaning with the Shark Rocket Pet Plus Corded Stick Vacuum. Designed to tackle multiple surfaces, it excels at removing pet hair, dust, and debris from hardwood floors, carpets, and upholstery.

Equipped with LED headlights and swivel steering, this vacuum offers superior maneuverability and visibility. It promises a powerful, corded suction that lasts without interruption, ensuring thorough cleaning in every corner of your home.

The Shark Rocket Pet Plus is a versatile 2-in-1 vacuum that converts quickly from a stick vacuum to a handheld unit. This makes it perfect for tight spots like stairs, car interiors, and furniture.

Weighing under 10 pounds, it’s easy to carry and control during extended cleaning sessions. Advanced swivel steering enhances navigation around furniture and corners, which reduces strain and improves cleaning efficiency. The slim nozzle fits under low furniture, while LED headlights expose hidden debris for a more thorough clean.

Pet owners will appreciate the included Pet Multi-Tool and Crevice Tool that tackle hair and dander effectively. Its XL dust cup offers a generous 68-quart capacity, allowing for longer cleaning without frequent emptying. The vacuum stores conveniently with a freestanding design, saving space in homes with limited storage.

Pros

• Strong corded suction providing continuous power without charging
• LED headlights reveal hidden dirt in dim spaces
• Lightweight design with swivel steering for easy handling

Cons

• Single speed setting limits suction control options

This Shark Rocket Pet Plus vacuum stands out as a reliable and flexible cleaning tool, especially for pet owners and those with mixed floor types. Its continuous corded power and convenient handheld conversion add value that competitive models sometimes lack.

3. Bissell 2033 Featherweight Stick Lightweight Bagless Vacuum and Electric Broom with Crevice

Compact and versatile, the Bissell 2033 Featherweight Stick Vacuum combines lightweight design with powerful suction. Ideal for quick cleaning sessions, it handles hardwood floors and area rugs with ease. Its three-in-one functionality adapts effortlessly to your cleaning needs.

Designed for convenience, the vacuum offers a lightweight build of less than 4 pounds, making it easy to carry and maneuver. Whether it’s under furniture or tight corners, this vacuum gets the job done without strain.

The Bissell 2033 Featherweight Stick Vacuum transforms from a stick vacuum into a handheld or stair vacuum quickly. This enables comprehensive cleaning across different surfaces and spaces.

Along with the powerful suction, it efficiently picks up dirt and debris from hardwood, carpets, and rugs.

Its specialized attachments, including a crevice tool and floor nozzle, lend precision in cleaning hard-to-reach areas like baseboards and between sofa cushions. The bagless system features a 67-liter dirt cup with a transparent design, making it easy to monitor fill levels and empty without mess.

With a 15-foot cord, users enjoy uninterrupted cleaning without worrying about battery life. The vacuum’s compact size and weight allow effortless transport between rooms, perfect for apartments, dorms, or multi-level homes. Overall, the vacuum offers an excellent balance of performance, portability, and ease of use, tailored to maintain hardwood floors and other surfaces effectively.

Overall, the vacuum offers an excellent balance of performance, portability, and ease of use, tailored to maintain hardwood floors and other surfaces effectively.

Pros

• Lightweight design under 4 pounds for easy maneuverability
• Versatile three-in-one function for stick, handheld, and stair cleaning
• Bagless system with transparent dirt cup for hassle-free emptying

Cons

• Single power level limits suction customization

The Bissell 2033 Featherweight Stick Vacuum offers a practical, lightweight solution for maintaining hardwood and other floor types. Its adaptability and efficient cleaning attachments make it an ideal choice for smaller homes and quick cleaning needs.

4. Shark Pet Cordless Stick Vacuum, Grey, IX141

Experience hassle-free cleaning with the Shark Pet Cordless Stick Vacuum IX141, tailored for pet owners and busy households. Designed to tackle both hardwood floors and carpets, this vacuum blends powerful suction with lightweight convenience.

Its sleek, low-profile design fits under furniture, while LED headlights reveal hidden debris. A removable handheld mode adds flexibility for versatile cleaning around the home.

Offering up to 40 minutes of runtime, the Shark IX141 handles everyday messes effortlessly. The HyperVelocity suction technology delivers strong airflow, making it effective on bare floors and carpets alike.

The vacuum transforms quickly into a handheld unit, perfect for stairs, upholstery, and tight corners. An extra-large dust cup and CleanTouch Dirt Ejector provide easy, hands-free debris disposal. Its lightweight build allows smooth maneuvering and reduces fatigue during extended use.

Its lightweight build allows smooth maneuvering and reduces fatigue during extended use.

With HEPA and foam filters, the unit traps allergens and pet dander, contributing to cleaner indoor air. The cordless design along with freestanding storage promotes neat, space-saving placement between cleaning sessions. Accessories like a crevice tool and pet multi-tool enhance versatility for specific cleaning needs.

Accessories like a crevice tool and pet multi-tool enhance versatility for specific cleaning needs.

Pros

• Strong HyperVelocity suction works well on hardwood and carpet
• Up to 40 minutes of cordless runtime supports large cleaning areas
• Removable handheld vacuum offers flexible above-floor cleaning

Cons

• Noise level of 80 dB might be loud for sensitive users

The Shark Pet Cordless Stick Vacuum IX141 combines strong suction and versatile design, making it an excellent choice for hardwood floors and pet owners alike. Its user-friendly features and effective cleaning performance deliver great value for maintaining a clean home environment.

5. UML0 N8 Cordless Vacuum Cleaner,Lightweight Stick Vacuum with Powerful Suction,2200mAh Battery,40 Mins

Experience effortless cleaning with the UML0 N8 Cordless Vacuum Cleaner, crafted for convenience and power. Its lightweight design combined with strong suction makes it ideal for maintaining hardwood floors and diverse surfaces. The cordless feature and extended battery life deliver freedom and efficiency in every use.

Designed to adapt to different cleaning tasks, this vacuum balances performance with user-friendly features. From pet hair to fine dust, it tackles various debris, ensuring a spotless environment with minimal effort.

The UML0 N8 offers up to 40 minutes of uninterrupted runtime from a single charge. A large 2200mAh battery reaches full charge in just 4 to 5 hours, enabling thorough house cleaning without breaks. Switching between Eco and Max modes is easy, letting you adjust suction according to cleaning needs and save energy.

Weighing only 9 lbs, it’s comfortable to use for extended periods and suitable for anyone with arm or back sensitivities. The 5-stage filtration system with multi-cone cyclone technology captures tiny particles down to 01 micrometers, providing cleaner air and reducing allergens.

Versatility shines with a 2-in-1 tool combining a dusting brush and crevice tool for uneven surfaces and tight spaces. The detachable metal tube lets you switch to handheld mode effortlessly.

With its self-standing feature and optional wall mount storage, it fits conveniently into any home setup. The upgraded V-shaped motorized brush reduces hair tangling and rotates in multiple directions for deep cleaning, illuminated by four LED lights to brighten hidden corners.

Pros

• Long 40-minute runtime with quick recharge
• Lightweight design at just 2.9 lbs for easy handling
• Advanced 5-stage filtration capturing fine dust and allergens

Cons

• Brush head may require occasional cleaning to prevent hair build-up

Offering excellent suction power, versatile tools, and an ergonomic design, the UML0 N8 is an effective cleaning companion for hardwood floors and beyond. It combines convenience and thoroughness at a competitive level in its category, making it a dependable choice for everyday home care.

6. VIPSUN Cordless Vacuum Cleaners for Home,Stick Vacuum Cordless with Self-Standing,LED Screen,Lightweight Powerful

Keeping your hardwood floors spotless has never been easier with the VIPSUN Cordless Vacuum Cleaner. Its lightweight and cordless design offers flexible cleaning that fits seamlessly into any household routine.

Designed to stand on its own, this vacuum frees you from awkward balancing acts between cleaning sessions. The built-in LED screen and battery indicator keep you updated on power levels, so you can plan your tasks without interruption.

The VIPSUN Cordless Vacuum Cleaner delivers efficient and reliable cleaning across a variety of hard floor surfaces. The 40KPA suction power efficiently lifts dirt and debris, even from tight corners and beneath furniture. Equipped with multiple attachments, it adapts effortlessly to narrow spaces, tiles, and hardwood alike.

Equipped with multiple attachments, it adapts effortlessly to narrow spaces, tiles, and hardwood alike.

Its self-standing feature allows you to pause cleaning without worrying about finding a spot to lean the vacuum. A seven-stage HEPA filtration system captures microscopic dust, promoting fresher air and a healthier home environment. Weighing light without compromising suction strength, it minimizes strain on your arms and back during use.

Perfectly suited for homes that require thorough cleaning with convenience, this vacuum fits well for seniors or anyone desiring an easy-to-handle appliance. The rechargeable design paired with clear battery monitoring saves time and reduces cleaning stress, providing excellent value in everyday maintenance.

Pros

• Strong 40KPA suction efficiently cleans hardwood floors and tight spaces
• Self-standing design enables hands-free pausing between tasks
• Advanced HEPA filtration promotes cleaner air and healthier living

Cons

• Battery life may require frequent charging during extended cleaning

The VIPSUN Cordless Vacuum Cleaner presents a versatile and reliable option for maintaining hardwood floors. Its powerful suction, lightweight build, and convenient features place it among the best affordable choices for home cleaning tasks.

7. Eureka Blaze Stick Vacuum Cleaner, Powerful Suction 3-in-1 Small Handheld Vac with

The Eureka Blaze Stick Vacuum Cleaner combines lightweight design with versatile cleaning power. Perfectly suited for hard floors, it delivers efficient suction that adapts to different surfaces with ease.

Designed for portability, it weighs just 4 pounds, making it easy to carry throughout your home. The 3-in-1 design includes an onboard crevice tool, adding flexibility without extra attachments. With signature swivel steering and a large dust cup, this vacuum keeps cleaning fast and straightforward.

With signature swivel steering and a large dust cup, this vacuum keeps cleaning fast and straightforward.

The Eureka Blaze operates on a powerful 2-amp motor, providing strong suction to lift dust, pollen, and larger debris. Its capture nozzle outperforms many stick vacuums by collecting bigger particles rather than pushing them aside. The foam washable filters enhance air quality by trapping fine particulates as you clean.

Swivel steering technology improves maneuverability, allowing you to reach tight spaces with less effort. An 18-foot power cord eliminates frequent outlet changes, while the removable 6-liter dust cup simplifies emptying.

Build quality ensures durability without adding bulk, and the vacuum’s quiet operation at 84 dB keeps noise levels comfortable. Suitable for hardwood floors, area rugs, tile, and low-pile carpets, it adjusts easily to various surfaces.

Pros

• Lightweight 4-pound design for effortless portability
• Powerful 2-amp motor and capture nozzle for effective debris pickup
• Swivel steering and wide 9.5” cleaning path improve maneuverability

Cons

• Corded design limits range compared to cordless models

With its combination of lightweight ease, versatile cleaning, and efficient suction, the Eureka Blaze is a practical choice for maintaining hardwood floors and more. It offers solid value and straightforward functionality for daily household cleaning.

8. Shark Navigator Lift-Away Vacuum, HEPA, Pet Hair, White/Silver, NV356E

The Shark Navigator Lift-Away Vacuum NV356E combines powerful suction with versatile cleaning features to keep your home immaculate. Its effective design tackles both carpets and hardwood floors, making it a reliable choice for diverse surfaces.

With an advanced HEPA filter and dedicated pet hair cleaning capabilities, this vacuum supports a healthier living environment. Its practical lift-away function expands usage beyond floors, allowing you to reach stairs and furniture effortlessly. Designed with everyday convenience in mind, it suits a range of cleaning needs.

Offering strong multi-surface suction, the Shark Navigator cleans carpets and hardwood floors efficiently. Its lift-away pod detaches easily, providing above-floor cleaning access to stairs and upholstery with included tools. This feature enhances flexibility and reach during cleaning sessions.

Pet owners will appreciate the vacuum’s ability to remove hair and dander from various surfaces, contributing to a fresher home. Equipped with a sealed HEPA filtration system, it traps

Swivel steering allows smooth navigation around furniture and tight corners, reducing effort.

The vacuum measures a 25-inch cleaning path and operates at a noise level of 80 dB, suitable for indoor use without excessive disruption. Its washable filters reduce maintenance costs, and the 87-liter capacity supports extended cleaning intervals. Combining performance with ease of use, it fits well in homes needing effective dirt and pet hair removal.

Pros

• Strong suction designed for both hardwood floors and carpets
• Lift-away feature for convenient cleaning beyond floors
• HEPA filtration traps most dust and allergens effectively

Cons

• May feel slightly bulky when used in lift-away mode for extended periods

The Shark Navigator Lift-Away Vacuum delivers comprehensive cleaning performance with versatile features tailored for various surfaces. Its robust suction, combined with allergen-reducing filtration and easy maneuverability, makes it a practical option for maintaining clean floors and upholstery. This model stands out among competing vacuums for its balance of power and convenience.

9. Eureka Lightweight Powerful Upright Vacuum Cleaner for Carpet and Hard Floor, PowerSpeed,

Cleaning hardwood floors can be challenging without the right tool. The Eureka Lightweight Powerful Upright Vacuum delivers impressive suction power without the bulk. It’s tailored to tackle dust, dirt, and debris on various surfaces efficiently.

Designed with convenience in mind, it combines a lightweight design with advanced cyclone technology. This vacuum is ideal for households seeking effective cleaning across carpets and hard floors alike.

The Eureka PowerSpeed Upgrade features an advanced cyclone system that captures large debris and microscopic dust. It penetrates deep into carpets to extract hidden dirt and embedded dust.

Weighing lightly, it’s easy to maneuver through rooms without causing fatigue. Its five adjustable height settings allow smooth operation on carpets, shag rugs, and delicate hardwood floors.

Multiple on-board accessories expand its versatility. A stretch hose, crevice tool, dusting brush, and upholstery tool reach tricky spots like curtains and car interiors. These tools simplify cleaning hard-to-reach areas without extra equipment.

Built for indoor use, it includes a foam filter with cyclone filtration for trapping 9% of allergens and dust particles. Its 9-liter bagless capacity reduces mess during disposal.

While it maintains a moderate noise level, performance remains consistent across various power levels.

The Eureka vacuum fits homes with mixed flooring and pet hair challenges. Its durable build and thoughtful design make it a reliable choice for everyday cleaning.

Regular maintenance of the brush and belt ensures optimal long-term function.

Pros

• Advanced cyclone technology captures large and tiny debris efficiently.
• Lightweight design with smooth wheels protects hardwood floors.
• Multiple attachments included for versatile above-floor cleaning.

Cons

• Requires regular cleaning of the brush and belt to avoid malfunctions.

Overall, the Eureka PowerSpeed offers strong suction, flexible use, and thoughtful features. It stands out as a solid vacuum for homes with both carpets and hardwood floors. Its balance of power and lightweight design provides reliable cleaning for various indoor surfaces.

Top Affordable Vacuums Perfect for Hardwood Floors

Type of Vacuum Cleaner

Upright vs. Stick vs. Robot. Corded vs. Cordless. Canister models for hardwood floors.

Choosing the right vacuum for hardwood floors involves understanding several key features and common types to find the best fit for your needs. Upright models tend to offer strong suction and often come with adjustable settings suitable for various floor types, but they might be bulkier compared to stick vacuums, which are lightweight and convenient for quick cleanups and easy maneuvering around furniture.

Corded vacuums deliver consistent power without worrying about battery life, making them suitable for thorough cleaning sessions, while cordless options offer greater flexibility and portability, especially in spaces without many outlets. Canister vacuums designed for hardwood floors usually feature soft brushes or specialized attachments that prevent scratching and efficiently pick up dust and debris from flat surfaces.

When making a purchase, focus on factors such as suction strength, ease of use, available attachments tailored for hardwood, and storage convenience considering your living space and cleaning habits. Overall, matching the vacuum type and features to your specific hardwood floor cleaning needs will help you achieve a cleaner home with minimal effort.

Suction Power and Cleaning Performance

Adjustable suction settings. Ability to pick up fine dust and debris. Impact on delicate hardwood surfaces.

When choosing a vacuum suited for hardwood floors, paying attention to adjustable suction settings can make a significant difference. Being able to tailor the suction strength allows the device to handle various types of debris without causing harm to more sensitive surfaces. It’s beneficial when the vacuum picks up fine dust and debris effectively, as these smaller particles often settle into the crevices of hardwood flooring and require thorough cleaning.

At the same time, the vacuum should be gentle enough to avoid scratching or dulling the wood, making the ability to control suction an important feature. Selecting a model designed for delicate surfaces reduces the risk of damage while maintaining cleanliness, offering a balance between efficiency and protection for your floors.

Brush and Nozzle Design

Softbristle or microfiber brush rolls. Edge cleaning capabilities. Avoiding scratches and damage to floors.

When choosing the best affordable vacuum for hardwood floors, paying attention to the brush and nozzle design can make a significant difference in maintaining the beauty of your floors. Vacuums equipped with soft bristle or microfiber brush rolls are gentle enough to clean effectively without scratching the surface.

Good edge cleaning capabilities are also valuable, as they allow the vacuum to reach tight corners and baseboards where dust tends to accumulate. Selecting a model that prevents scratches and damage involves finding one with adjustable suction settings or specialized attachments designed specifically for hardwood.

This careful design focus ensures your floors stay pristine and free from unwelcome wear over time.

Filtration System

HEPA filters for allergens. Ease of filter cleaning and replacement. Dustbin capacity and maintenance.

When selecting a vacuum cleaner, paying attention to the filtration system can greatly enhance the cleaning experience, especially for those sensitive to allergens. Many models feature HEPA filters designed to trap fine particles such as dust, pollen, and pet dander, which helps maintain cleaner air in your home.

Additionally, the size of the dustbin plays a role in maintenance frequency; a larger capacity means fewer interruptions for emptying during cleaning sessions, while a design that allows straightforward removal and disposal of debris keeps the process mess-free and simple. These features combined contribute to a smoother and healthier cleaning routine.

Weight and Maneuverability

Lightweight design for ease of use. Swivel steering and handling. Height and size for storage.

Choosing the best affordable vacuum for hardwood floors often involves paying close attention to weight and maneuverability since these features greatly affect daily use. Vacuums designed with a lightweight build allow effortless handling, making it easier to clean large areas without fatigue.

Swivel steering enhances the ability to navigate around furniture and tight corners smoothly, so you can maintain hardwood surfaces without hassle. Additionally, compact height and size contribute to convenient storage, especially in homes where space is limited. These factors combined ensure that the vacuum is practical and comfortable for regular cleaning routines, preserving the beauty of hardwood floors effectively.

Price and Warranty

Budgetfriendly options without compromising quality. Warranty length and customer support. Availability of replacement parts and accessories.

Choosing a vacuum tailored for hardwood floors involves finding options that offer great value without sacrificing quality. Many models provide efficient cleaning performance while fitting comfortably within budget-friendly ranges, which is ideal for those wanting effective results without overspending.

The length of warranty and the reputation of customer support play significant roles in deciding which vacuum to pick since a longer warranty period often reflects confidence in the product’s durability and offers peace of mind. Additionally, the ease of obtaining replacement parts and accessories can extend the vacuum’s lifespan and improve convenience, allowing users to keep their machines running smoothly without hassle. Paying attention to these aspects helps in selecting a vacuum that not only cleans well but remains reliable and supported for years to come.

FAQ’s

What Features Should I Look For In An Affordable Vacuum For Hardwood Floors?

Look for a vacuum with strong suction, a soft brush roll or hardwood-friendly attachment to prevent scratches, and lightweight design for easy maneuverability. Additionally, features like a HEPA filter and cordless operation can enhance convenience and cleanliness.

Which Brands Offer The Best Budget-Friendly Vacuums Suitable For Hardwood Floors?

Brands like Shark, Bissell, and Hoover offer budget-friendly vacuums that are well-suited for hardwood floors, providing effective cleaning without damaging the surface. These brands typically feature models with gentle brush rolls and adjustable suction ideal for hardwood care.

Are Cordless Or Corded Vacuums Better For Cleaning Hardwood Floors On A Budget?

Corded vacuums generally offer stronger suction and longer run time, making them more effective for cleaning hardwood floors on a budget. However, cordless vacuums provide convenient mobility but may sacrifice power and battery life.

How Important Is Suction Power Versus Brush Type In Affordable Vacuums For Hardwood Floors?

For affordable vacuums on hardwood floors, suction power is crucial for effectively lifting dirt and debris without scattering it. However, the brush type also matters, as a soft or specialized hardwood brush prevents scratches and ensures gentle yet thorough cleaning.

Can Affordable Vacuums Effectively Pick Up Pet Hair And Fine Dust From Hardwood Floors?

Yes, affordable vacuums can effectively pick up pet hair and fine dust from hardwood floors if they have strong suction and appropriate attachments like a soft brush or microfiber pad. However, performance may vary, so choosing a model designed specifically for hard surfaces ensures better cleaning results.

Conclusion

Choosing the best affordable vacuum for hardwood floors means balancing performance, price, and ease of use. Many models offer strong suction and gentle brush rolls that protect delicate wood surfaces, while some may sacrifice battery life or capacity for cost savings. This type of vacuum suits anyone seeking effective cleaning without breaking the bank, especially those with mixed flooring or allergy concerns.

Potential buyers should consider noise levels and maintenance requirements to match their lifestyle. Overall, the best affordable vacuum for hardwood floors provides reliable cleaning power, thoughtful design features, and good value, making it a smart choice for keeping wood floors spotless without splurging.

Taking these points into account will help ensure satisfaction with your vacuum purchase.